Running head: REACTIVE AND PROACTIVE AGGRESSION 1 Joint Trajectories of Reactive and Proactive Aggression from Mid-childhood to Early Adolescence: Relations to Sensation Seeking, Risk Taking, and Moral Reasoning
نویسندگان
چکیده
We examined the roles of sensation seeking, risk taking, and moral reasoning in the development of reactive and proactive aggression. Data were drawn from a multiethnic, longitudinal study of children from Switzerland (N = 1,571; assessed annually over 6 years; 7-years-old at Time 1). At all six time points, teachers reported children’s reactive and proactive aggression via questionnaire. Children’s sensation seeking (at Time 1) and risk taking (at Time 2) were assessed with two interactive computer tasks and their moral reasoning was assessed at Time 2 in response to four hypothetical vignettes depicting moral transgressions. Latent Class Growth Modeling revealed four developmental trajectories of reactive aggression and three of proactive aggression. Six joint trajectories of reactive and proactive aggression were then identified. Children with high sensation seeking and risk taking were very likely to develop both types of aggression during childhood. Children with high moral reasoning skills were very likely to develop reactive aggression during adolescence, whereas those with low moral reasoning were likely to show proactive aggression during childhood. These findings highlight the shared and differential roles of sensation seeking, risk taking, and moral reasoning in the development of reactive and proactive aggression from mid-childhood to early adolescence. We discuss implications for common and tailored strategies to combat these aggression subtypes.
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Development of male proactive and reactive physical aggression during adolescence.
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